Care of Baby

One Month Spend time with your baby, up close. Why? She sees best now when things are only 8 to 15 inches away. As her eyes are developing she'll love focusing on faces. So when she's not sleeping, hold your face close and feel free to coo away. Two Months Help your baby develop better hand movements and vision by clapping his hands together and singing songs. Over time he'll try imitating your movements and voice, developing hand-eye coordination and language. Later on, baby will also begin copying your expressions. So try holding baby close and sticking out your tongue, opening your mouth wide, or giving baby a big grin. In the next few months, he will start mimicking you! Three Months Your baby may start playing with her hands and swiping at things. Encourage hand-eye coordination by holding colorful rattles and toys up for her to grasp. She will also enjoy lifting her head. Encourage this with tummy playtime. Offer safe mirrors for her to peer in. It'll inspire her to lift her head even higher to see the adorable face looking back at her. Four Months Social, motor, and language skills are blossoming now. Baby will show emotions by babbling happily when a bright toy appears, or grunting and crying angrily when you take it away. And guess what -- baby's ticklish now! The tickle reflex develops at about his fourteenth week. Five Months Baby's eyes and ears are starting to work as well as yours do. Baby is also beginning to babble. Try talking back and repeating consonants to help her learn how to communicate. Repeat words and encourage baby when she tries to imitate you. Start reading from books, pointing out objects as you say their name Six Months Soon baby will learn to sit up and move around. Get him moving by placing him on his belly. Then put a toy on the floor and encourage him to reach for it. Because babies this age put most everything in their mouths, be sure toys are bigger than the inside of a toilet paper tube. And be sure the house is baby-proofed. Seven Months Your baby's hand skills are developing further – and the pincer grasp will develop in the next few months . Stimulate her fine motor skills and coordination by providing small, safe objects to pick up. Plastic measuring spoons or small cups work well. Or sit outside and pick at the grass. At first she'll grab handfuls, but then become fascinated with -- and try to pluck up -- single blades.

Eight Months Time to stimulate baby's sense of space and word use. First, try giving baby toys that fit inside one another like pots and pans. Or try asking baby, "Where's your nose?" and pointing to his nose. As you repeat the game, adding body parts, it teaches baby the meaning of words. Eight Months Time to stimulate baby's sense of space and word use. First, try giving baby toys that fit inside one another like pots and pans. Or try asking baby, "Where's your nose?" and pointing to his nose. As you repeat the game, adding body parts, it teaches baby the meaning of words. Nine Months Baby may become fascinated with hinged objects and how they work. Watch as she entertains herself with books that have stiff cardboard pages, cabinet doors, boxes with flaps, or toys that pop open. As she opens and closes a box or door -- maybe dozens of times -- she's developing hand-eye coordination. 10 Months Baby may love finding things that are hidden. Play "Where Did It Go?" to help him develop fine motor skills and the concept of object permanence -- that things don't go away when he can't see them. Hide a brightly colored object under a scarf or beneath some sand in a sandbox. Then put baby's hand over the object and help him uncover it. Soon he'll find it without help. 11 Months Keep working on language skills with lots of games and songs. Language skills develop through human interaction -- not through baby DVDs or TV -- so talk to baby as often as you can. Tell her what you're doing, ask questions, and use dramatic gestures and tones. She's watching and catching on. Your Baby's Development Some babies talk early. Others crawl months before their peers. All babies mature at their own pace. Different development rarely signals something is wrong with baby. If you have any worries, ask your pediatrician. It's often just normal differences among children. So relax and enjoy your baby's journey.

thanks deepak anand

One Month Spend time with your baby, up close. Why? She sees best now when things are only 8 to 15 inches away. As her eyes are developing she'll love focusing on faces. So when she's not sleeping, hold your face close and feel free to coo away.

What's a Migraine? How to Prevent a Migraine.

What's a Migraine? Almost everyone gets headaches. You might have one after bumping your head or during a cold or bout with the flu. Some types of headaches may happen only once in a while, whereas others can happen as often as every day. Most headaches produce a dull pain around the front, top, and sides of your head, almost like someone stretched a rubber band around your noggin. But a migraine is worse than a regular headache. Migraines usually occur about one to four times a month. The pain is often throbbing and on one or both sides of the head. Kids with migraines often feel dizzy or sick to their stomachs. During the headache, some kids are sensitive to light, noise, or smells, and want to sleep. When they wake up, they usually feel better. Most migraines last from 30 minutes to 6 hours but some can last a day or two. If you have migraines, you're not alone. About 1 out of every 20 kids, or about 8 million children in the United States, gets migraines. Before age 10, an equal number of boys and girls get migraines. But after age 12, during and after puberty, migraines affect girls three times more often than boys. Migraines aren't contagious, which means you can't catch them from someone who has them. What Causes a Migraine? A migraine begins when, for some reason, blood vessels in the brain narrow (constrict) temporarily. When that happens, the amount of blood and oxygen flowing to the brain drops. So the brain sends a message: "Hey, guys, we need some more blood and oxygen here!" That causes other blood vessels to dilate (expand). When those blood vessels expand, they become inflamed, throb, and cause a pounding pain. Because it involves changes in blood vessels, a migraine is a vascular (say: vas-kyuh-lur) headache. Some scientists believe that people who get migraines have inherited a tendency for their nervous systems to react differently to changes in their bodies or their environment. Certain things may trigger a reaction in the person's nervous system and start a migraine attack. Some common triggers are: stress menstruation (having a period) skipping meals too much caffeine (like cola drinks) certain foods (cheese, pizza, chocolate, ice cream, fatty or fried food, lunch meats, hot dogs, yogurt, or anything with MSG, a seasoning often used in Asian foods) too much or too little sleep weather changes travel No one is really sure why people get migraines. But chances are, if you get migraines, another member of your family gets them as well. That's because scientists think migraines are genetic, which means that certain genes passed on from parents make a kid more likely to get them. Do You Know a Migraine Is Coming? Migraines begin differently. Some kids just don't feel right. Light or sound may bother them or make them feel worse, and they may even get sick to their stomachs and throw up. Before or during a migraine headache, some kids may have muscle weakness, lose their sense of coordination, stumble, or even have trouble talking. About 1 in 5 kids gets an aura (say: awr-uh), a kind of warning that a migraine is on the way. The most common auras include blurred vision and/or seeing spots, colored balls, jagged lines, or bright lights, or smelling a certain odor. An aura usually starts about 10 to 30 minutes before the start of a migraine headache, although auras can happen the night before the headache starts. An aura usually lasts about 20 minutes. Treatments for Migraines etting a migraine once in a while may be annoying, but usually doesn't cause any big problems for a kid. But be sure to tell your mom or dad if you have headaches that: last a long time seem to be getting worse happen more often cause problems with balance interfere with school or after-school activities Your doctor will want to know about those problems and can try to help. Your doctor also may want you to keep a headache diary. By keeping track of your headaches, you may be able to figure out what triggers them. Answer all the questions in the diary each time you have a headache. The information will help your doctor figure out the best treatment. Your doctor may suggest one or more medicines you can take. They could include: pain relievers like acetaminophen or ibuprofen medicines that reduce nausea and vomiting sedatives, which can help you to go to sleep and get rid of the headache medicines to prevent migraines or make them less severe Some doctors may also try to teach you biofeedback. This technique helps you learn to relax and use your brain to gain control over certain body functions. If a migraine begins slowly, many people can use biofeedback to remain calm and stop the attack. How to Prevent a Migraine The good news is that many kids outgrow migraines. In the meantime, follow your doctor's instructions and take your medicine as instructed. Make sure you have the medicine on hand in case a migraine starts at school or when you're away from home. Also try to stay away from your migraine triggers. If certain foods like chocolate or cheese or caffeinated drinks trigger your migraines, it's a good idea to avoid them. Also, take breaks from activities that seem to trigger your migraines, such as using the computer for a long time or listening to loud music. Fight stress by making a plan so you don't feel freaked out by all the stuff you need to get done. Regular exercise can also reduce stress and make you feel better. The more you understand migraines, the better prepared you can be to fight them before they become a big pain! I hope this is useful and help ful for every body who is suffering from this disease . Thanks Deepak anand

Green Ginger Tea

You can also try this recipe with jasmine or lemon herbal tea. Be sure to pick the decaffeinated tea, or you’ll defeat the purpose, as caffeine is a diuretic.

INGREDIENTS:-

2 green tea bags (decaffeinated)
1 knuckle of fresh ginger root, sliced thin
2 tablespoons honey
Juice of 1 lime
2 cups boiling water
2 quarts cold water
Combine tea bags, ginger, honey, and lime in a large, heat-proof bowl.

Add boiling water and steep for 15 minutes.

Strain into a large pitcher and add cold water. Serve over ice.

SERVES 4.(tea com.)

35 calories
0 g fat
10 g carbohydrates
0 g protein
0 mg sodium
0 g fiber

thanks

How is a cystoscopy or ureteroscopy performed?

After a local anesthetic is used to take away sensation in the ureter, the doctor gently inserts the tip of the cystoscope or ureteroscope into the urethra and slowly glides it up into the bladder. A sterile liquid -- water or salt water, called saline -- flows through the scope to slowly fill the bladder and stretch it so the doctor has a better view of the bladder wall.

As the bladder is filled with liquid, patients feel some discomfort and the urge to urinate. The doctor may then release some of the fluid, or the patient may empty the bladder as soon as the examination is over.

The time from insertion of the scope to removal may be only a few minutes, or it may be longer if the doctor finds a stone and decides to treat it. Taking a biopsy -- a small tissue sample for examination with a microscope -- will also make the procedure last longer. In most cases, the entire examination, including preparation, takes 15 to 30 minutes.

What happens after a cystoscopy or ureteroscopy?
Patients may have a mild burning feeling when they urinate, and they may see small amounts of blood in their urine. These problems should not last more than 24 hours. Patients should tell their doctor if bleeding or pain is severe or if problems last more than a day.

To relieve discomfort, patients should drink two 8-ounce glasses of water each hour for 2 hours after the procedure. They may ask their doctor if they can take a warm bath to relieve the burning feeling. If not, they may be able to hold a warm, damp washcloth over the urethral opening.

The doctor may prescribe an antibiotic to take for 1 or 2 days to prevent an infection. Any signs of infection -- including severe pain, chills, or fever -- should be reported to a doctor

After a cystoscopy or ureteroscopy, patients should
drink two 8-ounce glasses of water each hour for 2 hours


ask about taking a bath or using a warm, damp washcloth to relieve the burning feeling


report any problems, such as


bloody urine that lasts more than 24 hours after the test


severe pain


chills


fever

What is a cystoscopy?

A cystoscopy is an examination of the inside of the bladder and urethra, the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. In men, the urethra is the tube that runs through the penis. The doctor performing the examination uses a cystoscope -- a long, thin instrument with an eyepiece on the external end and a tiny lens and a light on the end that is inserted into the bladder. The doctor inserts the cystoscope into the patient's urethra, and the small lens magnifies the inner lining of the urethra and bladder, allowing the doctor to see inside the hollow bladder. Many cystoscopes have extra channels within the sheath to insert other small instruments that can be used to treat or diagnose urinary problems.
a cystoscopy to find the cause of many urinary conditions, including

frequent urinary tract infections


blood in the urine, which is called hematuria


a frequent and urgent need to urinate


unusual cells found in a urine sample


painful urination, chronic pelvic pain, or interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome


urinary blockage caused by prostate enlargement or some other abnormal narrowing of the urinary tract


a stone in the urinary tract, such as a kidney stone


an unusual growth, polyp, tumor, or cancer in the urinary tract

What is a ureteroscopy?
A ureteroscopy is an examination or procedure using a ureteroscope. A ureteroscope, like a cystoscope, is an instrument for examining the inside of the urinary tract. A ureteroscope is longer and thinner than a cystoscope and is used to see beyond the bladder into the ureters, the tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder. Some ureteroscopes are flexible like a thin, long straw. Others are more rigid and firm. Through the ureteroscope, the doctor can see a stone in the ureter and then remove it with a small basket at the end of a wire inserted through an extra channel in the ureteroscope. Another way to treat a stone through a ureteroscope is to extend a flexible fiber through the scope up to the stone and then, with a laser beam shone through the fiber, break the stone into smaller pieces that can then pass out of the body in the urine. How and what the doctor will do is determined by the location, size, and composition of the stone.

The reasons for a ureteroscopy include the following conditions:

frequent urinary tract infections


hematuria


unusual cells found in a urine sample


urinary blockage caused by an abnormal narrowing of the ureter


a kidney stone in the ureter


an unusual growth, polyp, tumor, or cancer in the ureter

What are the preparations for a cystoscopy or ureteroscopy?

People scheduled for a cystoscopy or ureteroscopy should ask their doctor about any special instructions. In most cases, for cystoscopy, people will be able to eat normally in the hours before the test. For ureteroscopy, people may be told not to eat before the test.

Because any medical procedure has a small risk of injury, patients must sign a consent form before the test. They should not hesitate to ask their doctor about any concerns they might have.

Patients may be asked to give a urine sample before the test to check for infection. They should avoid urinating for an hour before this part of the test.

Usually, patients lie on their back with knees raised and apart. A nurse or technician cleans the area around the urethral opening and applies a local anesthetic so the patient will not experience any discomfort during the test.

People having a ureteroscopy may receive a spinal or general anesthetic. They should arrange for a ride home after the test.

10 Ways to Prevent Urinary Tract Infections

Nine million doctor's office visits each year are due to urinary tract infections, or UTIs. The only thing patients visit the doctor for more often are respiratory tract infections, such as the common cold. Unfortunately, the majority of cases of UTI occur in women.
What can you do to help prevent urinary tract infections from interfering with your life? According to the National Institutes of Health, health professionals recommend the following tips to reduce your risk of developing a UTI.

Water helps flush your urinary tract, so make sure you drink plenty of plain water daily.

Don't hold it when you need to urinate! Women are often guilty of trying to finish a task before they go to the bathroom. Holding it when you need to go can help any bacteria that may be present develop into a full-fledged urinary tract infection.
You've probably heard that you should wipe from front to back after a bowl movement. This is especially important to help prevent bacteria from the anus from entering the vagina or urethra.
Taking showers instead of baths helps prevent bacteria from entering the urethra and causing a UTI.
Always wash your genital area both before and after sexual intercourse to help prevent transferring bacteria to the urethra or vaginal area, which can create a breeding ground for a UTI.
More: Personal Hygiene and UTI
Feminine hygiene sprays and douches, particularly scented douches, can irritate the urethra and possibly lead to a UTI. Avoiding these products will help prevent not only urinary tract infections, but also other infections and irritations that these products may cause.

Drinking cranberry juice is a fairly well-known and natural way to both help prevent urinary tract infections, as well as help speed the recovery process when a UTI develops. Just drinking two 4-ounce glasses of cranberry juice daily is often enough to both prevent a UTI and speed recovery when an infection does develop.

Another nutritional route that may help prevent UTI is regularly taking vitamin C supplements. Vitamin C increases the acidity level of urine, which in turn helps decrease the number of harmful bacteria that may be present in your urinary tract system.

Always wear panties with a cotton crotch. Cotton fabric lets moisture escape while other fabrics can trap moisture, creating a potential breeding ground for bacteria.

If you are one of a large number of women who suffers from frequent, recurrent urinary tract infections, a change in your position during sexual intercourse may help reduce the number of UTIs that you experience. Changing sexual positions may reduce friction on your urethra and reduce your risk of recurrent UTI. Women who suffer from extremely frequent urinary tract infections may be prescribed an antibiotic to take immediately after sex to help prevent the likelihood of urinary tract infection occurrence.

thanks for click
for more inq. mail me sona.chas@gmail.com

Urinary Tract Infections - UTI

A urinary tract infection or UTI is a bacterial infection that occurs when bacteria invade the urinary tract system; the bacteria multiply throughout the urinary track system. While the majority of urinary tract infections or UTIs are not serious, they often cause severe symptoms such as pain and/or burning upon urination.
The urinary tract system is the body's filtering system for removal of liquid waste. The urinary tract consists of the kidneys, bladder, ureters, and urethra.

About half of all women will have at least one UTI in her lifetime, while many women suffer through several infections throughout their lifetime. Women are particularly susceptible to urinary tract infections or UTI. This is because women have a shorter urinary tract than men. The good news: Infections are easily treated with antibiotics. However, some women seem prone to recurrent UTIs than others and for them it can be a frustrating battle.

What Causes Urinary Tract Infections?

The most common cause of UTIs are bacteria from the bowel that live on the skin near the rectum or in the vagina, which can spread and enter the urinary tract through the urethra. Once these bacteria enter the urethra, they travel upward, causing infection in the bladder and sometimes other parts of the urinary tract.

Sexual intercourse is a common cause of urinary tract infections because the female anatomy can make women more prone to urinary tract infections. During sexual activity, bacteria in the vaginal area are sometimes massaged into the urethra.

Women who change sexual partners or begin having sexual intercourse more frequently may experience bladder or urinary tract infections more often than women who are celibate or in monogamous relationships. Although it is rare, some women get a urinary tract infection every time they have sex.

Another cause of bladder infections or UTI is waiting too long to urinate. The bladder is a muscle that stretches to hold urine and contracts when the urine is released. Waiting too long past the time you first feel the need to urinate can cause the bladder to stretch beyond its capacity. Over time, this can weaken the bladder muscle. When the bladder is weakened, it may not empty completely and some urine is left in the bladder. This may increase the risk of urinary tract infections or bladder infections.

Other factors that also may increase a woman's risk of developing UTI include pregnancy, having urinary tract infections as a child, menopause, or diabetes.

What Are the Symptoms of Urinary Tract Infections?

Symptoms of UTI or bladder infection are not easy to miss and include a strong urge to urinate that cannot be delayed, which is followed by a sharp pain or burning sensation in the urethra when the urine is released. Most often very little urine is released and the urine that is released may be tinged with blood. The urge to urinate recurs quickly and soreness may occur in the lower abdomen, back, or sides.
This cycle may repeat itself frequently during the day or night--most people urinate about six times a day, when the need to urinate occurs more often a bladder infection should be suspected.

When bacteria enter the ureters and spread to the kidneys, symptoms such as back pain, chills, fever, nausea, and vomiting may occur, as well as the previous symptoms of lower urinary tract infection.

Proper diagnosis is vital since these symptoms also can be caused by other problems such as vaginal infections or vulva.

How Is a Diagnosis of UTI Made?
The number of bacteria and white blood cells in a urine sample is the basis for diagnosing urinary tract infections. Urine is examined under a microscope and cultured in a substance that promotes the growth of bacteria. A pelvic exam also may be necessary.

Note: If you have recurrent UTIs and bladder infections, you may be interested in purchasing an at-home test for UTI, which is available over-the-counter (OTC) without a prescription. The test consists of a dipstick that changes color when you have a urinary tract infection. The test detects the presence of nitrite. Bacteria changes normal nitrates in the urine to nitrite. The test, which works best on first morning urine, is about 90% reliable.

for more information: mail me sona.chas@gmail.com

thanks

Urinary Tract Infections

Incontinence in men can result from medical conditions like enlarged prostate, diabetes, and Parkinson's disease. It can be common after some types of surgery for prostate cancer or other surgery on the prostate gland. Sometimes it can develop for reasons we don't completely understand, like "overactive bladder." Understanding the cause is crucial to getting the right treatment, so it's important to get a diagnosis from your doctor.

Some guys have success by spacing out their fluid intake during the day and cutting back a few hours before bed. If it that helps, stick with it. But don't restrict yourself too much, because you run the risk of getting dehydrated. And when you're not drinking enough fluid, your urine becomes concentrated -- which can lead to complications such as bladder infections and make urinary incontinence worse

For some guys, caffeine seems to irritate the bladder and worsen symptoms. Soda and other carbonated drinks could have the same effect. Alcohol is a diuretic -- it makes you urinate more, which is really the last thing you need right now. Cut back on tea, coffee, soda, and alcohol and see if it makes a difference for you.

Urine tract Infection Is Common and Treatable

UI Is Common and Treatable
If you have urinary incontinence, you might feel embarrassed and alone. But you're not the only one: About 3.4 million men in the U.S. are estimated to be dealing with incontinence right now. And the good news is that you don't have to put up with it. Contrary to what a lot of guys think, urinary incontinence is not a normal sign of aging and it's not inevitable. It's a treatable condition.

UI Is Common and Treatable

UI Is Common and Treatable
If you have urinary incontinence, you might feel embarrassed and alone. But you're not the only one: About 3.4 million men in the U.S. are estimated to be dealing with incontinence right now. And the good news is that you don't have to put up with it. Contrary to what a lot of guys think, urinary incontinence is not a normal sign of aging and it's not inevitable. It's a treatable condition.